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Jacobus Gallus
Jacobus Gallus Carniolus (a.k.a. Jacob(us) Handl, Jacob(us) Händl, Jacob(us) Gallus; (スロベニア語:Jakob Petelin Kranjski)) (3 July 1550 – 18 July 1591) was a late-Renaissance composer of Slovene〔Skei/Pokorn, Grove online〕 ethnicity. Born in Carniola, which at the time was one of the Habsburg lands in the Holy Roman Empire, he lived and worked in Moravia and Bohemia during the last decade of his life.
== Life ==
Gallus may have been named ''Jakob Petelin'' at birth.〔Reese, p. 736〕 ''Petelin'' means "rooster"; ''handl'' and ''gallus'' mean the same in German and Latin, respectively.〔Skei/Pokorn: Grove online〕 He was probably born in Reifnitz, (now Ribnica, Slovenia), although Slovene folk tradition also claims his birthplace to be at Šentviška Gora in the Slovenian Littoral.〔Savnik, Roman, ed. 1968. ''Krajevni leksikon Slovenije'', vol. 1. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije. p. 424.〕 He used the Latin form of his name, to which he often added the adjective ''Carniolus'', thus giving credit to his homeland Carniola.
Gallus most likely was educated at the Cistercian monastery at Stična (German: Sittich) in Carniola. He left Carniola sometime between 1564 and 1566, traveling first to Austria, and later to Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. For some time he lived at the Benedictine Melk Abbey in Lower Austria. He was a member of the Viennese court chapel in 1574, and was choirmaster (''Kapellmeister'') to the bishop of Olomouc between 1579 (or 1580) and 1585. From 1585 to his death he worked in Prague as organist to the Church of St. John on the Balustrade ((チェコ語:Sv. Jan na Zábradlí)). Gallus died on 18 July 1591 in Prague.〔
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